In this article, Saleh Nikbakht discusses the significant role of art and media in combating corruption, especially large-scale corruption. He categorizes corruption into two main types: petty corruption and grand corruption. Petty corruption involves smaller amounts of money and is usually committed by individuals with lower social and administrative positions. This type of corruption includes minor thefts and small-scale misuse of privileges. In contrast, grand corruption involves large sums of money and individuals in higher social and administrative positions. This type of corruption not only questions individuals but also the governmental system, leading to the discrediting of governments.

Importance of Media Freedom

Nikbakht emphasizes the crucial role of media freedom in fighting corruption. Free media can act as the representatives of the public conscience, exposing corruption and sensitizing society to it. He points out that during times when the press has had more freedom, there has been less corruption. This is due to the important role of the media in uncovering corruption and creating public pressure to combat it.

Existing Laws and Anti-Corruption Culture

Nikbakht mentions that there are various laws in the country to fight corruption, including the possibility of disclosing the names and details of convicted corrupt individuals after the finalization of their sentences. However, he believes that an anti-corruption culture does not exist in society, and corruption is not regarded as a despicable phenomenon. He stresses the need to promote an anti-corruption culture through artistic activities like cinema, theater, and even museums like the Museum of Corruption in Thailand.

Role of Art in Combating Corruption

Nikbakht suggests that instead of just disclosing the names and details of criminals, art can be used to represent corruption and raise public awareness. He shares his experience in mediating disputes among artists and tells the story of a fraud case that was proposed to an artist. This case involved embezzlement, the sale of imaginary cars, and providing hospitality to buyers of these imaginary cars, which the artist found highly intriguing.

Cultural Solutions

Nikbakht believes that fighting corruption cannot be achieved solely by arresting and punishing individuals. Cultural solutions must be employed to eradicate corruption. He proposes that the content of significant corruption cases be turned into screenplays or plays and used for public education and awareness. He emphasizes the need to propagate the idea that corruption is despicable among people, which can be done through art and media.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Nikbakht states that we should utilize cultural and artistic teachings to fight corruption and not just rely on preaching and advice. He believes that art can act as a mirror to reflect grand corruption and make society more aware of this issue.